Utilization of ZeroValent Iron (ZVI) Particles Produced fromSteel Industry Waste for In-Situ Remediation ofGroundWaterContaminated withOrgano- Chlorine PesticideHeptachlor
Treatment of ground water contaminated with halogenated pesticides is a challenging task. This paper focuses on preparation, characterization and treatment of heptachlor by iron particles synthesized from steel industry waste (S-ZVI). The BOF sludge, which is dumped in landfills, is an iron rich source and was used as the source material for S-ZVI synthesis. The vital step was reducing agent sodium borohydride optimization and a high dose of 3.5g/10mL of dose was required for production of S-ZVI. The average particle size for S-ZVI and after modifying using surfactant PAA (5%) was 1660 nm and 300 nm, respectively. Crystalline structure of S-ZVI and a diverse chemical composition was found with high contents of Na, Ca and Mg. Reduction of heptachlor was studied in batch reactors using S-ZVI, PAA modified S-ZVI, Tween 20 modified S-ZVI and pure ZVI. After 48h, the reduction efficiency of heptachlor, by various forms of ZVI, was found to be 87%, 89%, 75 % and 93% respectively. The observed dechlorination rate constant of Heptachlor by PAA modified S-ZVI was found to be the highest (1.959/hr) followed by Tween 20 modified S-ZVI (1.106 /hr), unmodified S-ZVI (0.526 /hr) and pure ZVI (0.09 /hr). The Surface Area Normalised Rate constant (kSA) were found to be 0.2884 L/hr/m2, 0.1074 L/hr/m2, 0.06606 L/hr/m2 , and 0.000486 L/hr/m2 for S-ZVI, PAA modified S-ZVI, Tween 20 modified S-ZVI, and pure ZVI respectively.
Mukherjee, R., Sinha, A., Lama, Y., & Kumar, V. (2015). Utilization of ZeroValent Iron (ZVI) Particles Produced fromSteel Industry Waste for In-Situ Remediation ofGroundWaterContaminated withOrgano- Chlorine PesticideHeptachlor. International Journal of Environmental Research, 9(1), 19-26. doi: 10.22059/ijer.2015.869
MLA
R. Mukherjee; A. Sinha; Y. Lama; V. Kumar. "Utilization of ZeroValent Iron (ZVI) Particles Produced fromSteel Industry Waste for In-Situ Remediation ofGroundWaterContaminated withOrgano- Chlorine PesticideHeptachlor", International Journal of Environmental Research, 9, 1, 2015, 19-26. doi: 10.22059/ijer.2015.869
HARVARD
Mukherjee, R., Sinha, A., Lama, Y., Kumar, V. (2015). 'Utilization of ZeroValent Iron (ZVI) Particles Produced fromSteel Industry Waste for In-Situ Remediation ofGroundWaterContaminated withOrgano- Chlorine PesticideHeptachlor', International Journal of Environmental Research, 9(1), pp. 19-26. doi: 10.22059/ijer.2015.869
VANCOUVER
Mukherjee, R., Sinha, A., Lama, Y., Kumar, V. Utilization of ZeroValent Iron (ZVI) Particles Produced fromSteel Industry Waste for In-Situ Remediation ofGroundWaterContaminated withOrgano- Chlorine PesticideHeptachlor. International Journal of Environmental Research, 2015; 9(1): 19-26. doi: 10.22059/ijer.2015.869