University of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Anaerobic Removal of COD from High Strength Fresh and Partially Stabilized
Leachates and Application of Multi stage Kinetic Model25527031110.22059/ijer.2011.311ENE.SafariDepartment of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Ellis Hall, 58 University Avenue, Kingston,
Ontario, K7L 3N6, CanadaM.Jalili GhazizadeGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O.B.14155-6135, Tehran, IranA.ShokouhDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir Technical University, Tehran, IranGh.R.Nabi BidhendiGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O.B.14155-6135, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110328High strength fresh leachates generated at a new disposal trench, compost plant and partially stabilized leachate of an older trench were characterized in terms of anaerobic degradation at laboratory batch scale at 35oC. Fresh leachate had extremely high COD of 66,710 – 89,501 mg/L along with low pH of 4.1-5.9 in contrast to older and therefore partially stabilized leachate with a COD of about 19,000 mg/L and higher pH of 8.4. Filtration of fresh leachate samples showed to have considerable effect on continuation of degradation as for the unfiltered samples, degradation nearly stopped after a slight reduction in COD. As a first attempt, it was shown that a considerably better fit was achieved for COD variations of filtered fresh leachate samples using first order multistage kinetic model based on which hydrolysis was found to have the smallest rate, therefore being the rate limiting stage in anaerobic degradation process.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_311_7183549f79f2533255c173fa0119671a.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Conceptual Framework for Interacting Landscape Architects and Urban
Designers: Professionals’ Perspectives27127631210.22059/ijer.2011.312ENM.FaiziDepartment of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science
and Technology, Tehran,IranM.BehzadfarDepartment of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science
and Technology, Tehran,IranS.Razzaghi AslDepartment of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science
and Technology, Tehran,IranJournal Article20110228Urban design and landscape Architecture are considered as modern Art (knowledge) which are
developed through integration of various Art and science fields of studies. Formal emergence of urban design
in 60s and landscape design is occurred at the beginning of 20th century. The success of these two fields is
because of their attention to environmental qualities upgrade in public and open spaces all over cities. Indeed,
these two fields have got similar approaches to designing open spaces; this article is looking forward to deliver
proposals regarding suitable integration among experts of these two fields.This research is based on a qualitative
and quantitative approach; using ‘grounded theory method’ and applying ‘content analysis’ in questions
extractions analyze the practical mechanisms among experts in these two fields in Iran. The emphasis of this
research in procedural aspect is based on the four-level order of relations among design component including:
design-planning, management-guidance, control-policy and conservation-catalyzing, as the most important
common role of urban design and landscape architecture, is to achieve an effective interaction pattern. In
addition, to substantial aspect designing urban landscape and urban spaces is considered as a common subject
among landscape architects and urban designers. At the end, based on incorporation of substantial and procedural
components, a system of correlation between these two fields is proposed.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_312_bb2e7dbb896b9781ce657cdac2da77a8.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Analysis of the Environmental Projects Risk Management Success
Using Analytical Network Process Approach27728431310.22059/ijer.2011.313ENA.NajafiIslamic Azad University, Zanjan BranchA.Afrazeh,Department of Industrial Engineering (I.E.), Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez Ave.,
P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110328It is commonly recognized that knowledge is the only source of core competence of Environmental
Projects in the knowledge based companies, but the productivity rate of knowledge workers is always Low.
Based on knowledge workers’ characteristics, in this paper, we seek to identify knowledge workers factors
influencing on the Environmental Projects Risk Management success (EPRM), then Knowledge strategies
present for EPRM Success. Finally, the best strategy selects using Analytical Network Process (ANP)
approach. It is hoped that this paper will help Environmental Projects managers to implement different
corresponding measures. A case study is presented where this model measures and validates at the Daru-
Pakhsh Company.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_313_43ac64a4db856bceb1e92e4b05c57665.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Municipal Solid Waste Management in Vietnam: Status and
the Strategic Actions28529631410.22059/ijer.2011.314ENN.P.ThanhGraduate School of Environmental Science – Okayama University,
3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, JapanY.MatsuiCollege of Environment and Natural resources – Can Tho University
Campus II, 3/2 street, Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho city, Vietnam – Tel/Fax: 0710-383-1068Journal Article20110328In Vietnam, municipal solid waste (MSW) has being become increasing complex due to variety
of reasons as the increasing quantity, changing composition of MSW, rising public awareness and municipal
administration policies among different cities and surrounding communities. There is not currently an efficient
management system in place for facilities such as storage, collection, transfer, transportation and disposal of
MSW. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts to analyze the present system of MSW addressing variety
of aspects such as quantity and composition of MSW generation, operational management, legal system as
well as financial aspect. The systematic assessment has revealed the problems like lack of legal framework,
low coverage, improper waste storage, less encouragement for composting, and lack of proper disposal
practices. Finally, an action plan is proposed suggestion for current and future addressing the issues as the
operational management, institutional, financial aspect, public participation, environmental education, and
legal and policies.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_314_736df893be683ae70e91805e3c1fb29e.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Holistic Approach to Mitigate the Pollution Impacts in the Coastal Ecosystem
of Thailand Using the Remote Sensing Techniques29730631510.22059/ijer.2011.315ENZ.SiddiquiSchool of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UKJournal Article20110228A study of substantial anthropogenic related pollution in the Coastal Samut Prakarn Province
(Thailand) was carried out focusing on the Bang Pu Nature Reserve (remnant mangrove wetland) using a
remote sensing (geospatial) technique. Statistical regression models were developed between biochemical
parameters of sample point and related reflectance data obtained from satellite imagery (Landsat TM). Change
detection showed a significant increase in various water bodies over a period of a decade and significant
increase in analyzed pollutant levels. The paper highlights the advantages of baseline data obtained and its
significance towards a holistic approach to mitigating coastal pollution combining sustainable conservation
and enhanced nature education through a significant ecosystem bio-diversification. Within the framework of
the approach a buffering zone based on a constructed freshwater-fed wetland is to be introduced to serve as an
effective pollution mitigating area serving the local community which is in serious need of such an environmental
vehicle.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_315_0180a51efd608f95e3bd6047b2380e34.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Mathematical Modeling of Dissolved Oxygen in Fish Ponds30732031610.22059/ijer.2011.316ENW.J.S.MwegohaSchool of Environmental Science and Technology, Ardhi University (ARU), P.O. Box 35176,
Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaJournal Article20110228A mathematical model was developed to predict the effects of wind speed, light, pH, Temperature,
dissolved carbon dioxide and chemical oxygen demand (COD) on Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in fish ponds. The
effects of organic feeds, aeration and fish activity were added to the model developed by Kayombo et al. for
Waste Stabilization Ponds (Ecological Modeling 127(2000): 21-31) to reflect the situation in fish ponds.
Model calibration and validation was done by use of average DO, pH, temperature, COD, CO2 and algae
biomass data measured from RETCO fish ponds in Dar es Salaam; and light intensity data were adopted from
Kayombo et al. (2000). Model results showed a linear relationship between simulated DO and measured DO
in fish pond (r2 = 0. 87) for model calibration and (r2= 0.88) for model validation. Simulation results also
showed a general decrease of DO with time in 13 days by 28% and 38% for first and second batch, respectively.
Thus, the model developed in this study could be used to predict the DO dynamics in fish ponds. Based on the
model results, successful cultivation of healthy fish may require that retention time for water in the fish pond
be 10 days.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_316_4524c1c915023c9763fa27696d3a7895.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Quality Management of Water Distribution Networks by Optimizing Dosage
and Location of Chlorine Injection32133231710.22059/ijer.2011.317ENM.TabeshCenter of Excellence for Engineering and Management of Infrastructures, School of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O.Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, IranB.AzadiSchool of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranA.RoozbahaniSchool of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110228A methodology is presented in this paper to find optimal location and dosage of chlorine
injection in water distribution networks. The objective is to minimize the chlorine consumption while keeping
the residual chlorine at each node within the standard range. Unfortunately because of wrong water quality
management in water distribution networks in many parts of the world, many problems such as bacterial
growth or formation of by-products occur in these systems. In this paper with integrating two models,
hydraulic model of EPANET2 with ability of quality simulation and optimization model of Genetic Algorithm
(GA), the best locations for chlorine injection and its optimum dosage in the water networks are obtained. To
evaluate the presented method, two test examples are studied. The results of this study show the reduction in
total consumed chlorine in the system obtained by chlorine injection in optimal locations with optimum
dosage, in comparison with other researches.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_317_dec7add686419e95cf34c140fd56d87e.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Precise Experimental Study on Key Dissimilarities between Mesophilic and
Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge33334231810.22059/ijer.2011.318ENT.AmaniBiotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,Tarbiat
Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, IranM.NosratiBiotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,Tarbiat
Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, IranT.R.SreekrishnanDepartment of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, I.I.T., Delhi 110016, IndiaJournal Article20110228Key dissimilarities between thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated
sludge (WAS) were experimentally studied in this research. Typical WAS with total solids (TS) concentrations
of 30 and 60 g/L were digested anaerobically in a batch digester at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures.
Solids reduction, total COD changes, the production of different volatile fatty acids (VFAs), pH variation, the
quality and quantity of the produced biogas, an energy audit, pathogen inactivation and sludge dewaterability
during anaerobic digestion were investigated and compared for mesophilic and thermophilic processes in this
research. Only the thickest sludge (TS concentration 60 g/L) provided auto-thermality under mesophilic
conditions. The mesophilic digestion took place after 32 to 36 days with slightly more methane production
and removal of organics than thermophilic digestion. The results showed that there was no significant difference
between thermophilic and mesophilic digestion with respect to the gas composition. Among the VFAs (key
intermediates), only propionate accumulated during sludge anaerobic digestion at both the mesophilic and
thermophilic temperatures. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion imparts improved dewaterability. The required
time for sludge pathogen inactivation under mesophilic conditions was more than one month.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_318_c2cc4d64293fa7bd38a530a314a1bd8d.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Evaluation of salt effects on some thermodynamic properties of
Urmia Lake water34334831910.22059/ijer.2011.319ENT.Ahmadzadeh KokyaGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranA.H.PejmanGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranE.Mahin AbdollahzadehGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranB.Ahmadzadeh KokyaWater laboratory, Department of Authority of Water Resources, Water Organization, Urmia, IranM.NazarihaGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110228In this study some thermodynamic parameters including freezing point, boiling point and the
vapor pressure of Urmia Lake salt water were investigated as some important environmentally monitored
physicochemical properties of Urmia Lake. In this regard salt concentration is chiefly responsible for the
modification of the thermodynamic properties of Urmia Lake water which affects its overall environmental
and ecological characteristics. On the other hand, the Urmia Lake is now supposed to be the most convenient
place for many rare aquatic species and therefore interpreted to be unique from the viewpoint of qualitative
characteristics. For the goals of this study water sampling and analysis where performed in two wet and dry
periods of the lake in order to represent the extremes of the lake’s environmental variability. Prevailing
chemical ions in the water body were determined and used for the estimation of the relative thermodynamic
coefficients of salt water for the acquisition of the freezing point, boiling point and the vapor pressure of the
Urmia Lake water. Interpolated calibration curves were plotted for the changes in the studied parameters
versus a variety of salt concentrations indicating a linear relationship between the investigated parameters and
the prevailing salt concentration of the Urmia Lake. The calibration curves were then formulated to simplify
the estimation of the thermodynamic parameters of the Urmia Lake for any salinity conditions. Real sample
analysis also showed a very good agreement between the estimated and observed values.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_319_768c9a017659b50c85e817a4e6d54208.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Treatment of Tannery Wastewater by Various Oxidation and Combined Processes34936032010.22059/ijer.2011.320END.RameshrajaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,
Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand, IndiaS.SureshDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,
Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand, IndiaJournal Article20110228A general overview on the prospective of various oxidation and combined processes
in the treatment of tannery industry effluent are reported. Various oxidation and combined processes
such as UV/H2O2/Hypochlorites, Fenton and Electro-oxidation, photo-chemical, photo-catalytic,
electro-catalytic oxidation, wet air oxidation, ozonation, biological followed by ozone/UV/ H2O2,
coagulation or electro-coagulation and catalytic treatments have been considered. The tannery
wastewater with sulphide as main sources of pollutant, electro-coagulation is the best removal
efficiency process among the other oxidation processes, whereas for chromium, photo catalytic
oxidation process using nano-TiO2 and wet air oxidation in the presence of manganese sulphate and
activated carbon as a catalyst are more efficiency processes. The integrated combined processes
described permit to meet disposal limits, health quality standards and the recovery of several chemicals
utilized in the tanneries.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_320_04f5ce4e641694d3dad83ebfbf5a7e31.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Comparative Study on the Growth and Nutrient Uptake Characteristics of
Fifteen Wetland Species in Taihu Lake Region of China36137032110.22059/ijer.2011.321ENJ.F.YingCollege of Environment and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R.China
Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science, Fu,an, 355000, P.R.ChinaCh.XinCollege of Environment and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R.ChinaL.A.ChengJournal Article20110228Fifteen kinds of local wetland plants in Taihu Lake region of China were investigated on their
respective growth conditions, biomass allocations and nutrient uptake capacities. The test plants were cultured
in 3 L nutrient solutions for 28 days with NH4
+-N, NO3
--N and P concentrations of 38.5, 132.8 and 10 mg/L,
respectively. Mean species total biomass ranged from 1.2-21.6 g/plant with above/below ground ratios (AG:BG)
between 1.7-5.5. Mean NH4
+-N, NO3
--N and P uptake rates ranged from 3.7-14.3 mg/day (8.0-49.4 % of
NH4
+-N supplied), 17.8-59.4 mg/day (17.8-59.6 %) of NO3
--N supplied and 1.71-4.61 mg /day (24.1-61.5 %
of P supplied), respectively. Plant tissue N and P concentrations ranged between 28.2-606.1 mg N /plant and
4.1-53.1 mg P/plant, with AG:BG ratio between 1.7-7.0 and 1.6-4.6, respectively. The accumulation of N and
P in plant tissues was significantly correlated with plant biomass and root surface area. Among the different
species, C. generalis, T. latifolia, T. dealbata and L. salicaria were better than the other plants in above- and
below-ground biomass, root surface area, nutrient uptake and storage rates. T. dealbata and L. salicaria were
more suitable for year-round application in this area due to their tolerance of coldness.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_321_60f727e1afb410a1900d51256852dc2e.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Natural Hazard Assessment for Land-use Planning in Serbia37138032210.22059/ijer.2011.322ENS.DragicevicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for the Environment and GIS, 11000
Belgrade, SerbiaD.FilipovicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for Spatial Planning, Belgrade, SerbiaS.KostadinovUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Department of ecological engineering
of soil and water resources protection, Belgrade, SerbiaR.RisticUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Department of ecological engineering
of soil and water resources protection, Belgrade, SerbiaI.NovkovicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for the Environment and GIS, 11000
Belgrade, SerbiaN.ZivkovicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for Geography, Belgrade, SerbiaG.AndjelkovicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for Geography, Belgrade, SerbiaB.AbolmasovUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, SerbiaV.SecerovUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for Spatial Planning, Belgrade, SerbiaS.DjurdjicUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, the Institute for Geography, Belgrade, SerbiaJournal Article20110228The territory of Serbia is vulnerable to various types of natural hazards and the risk is not equal
across the entire territory; it varies depending on the type of hazard and the expected potential for damage.
The first aim of this research was to determine the geographical distributions of the major types of natural
hazards. Seismic hazards, landslides, rock falls, floods, torrential floods, excessive erosion, droughts and forest
fires are the most significant natural hazards within the territory of Serbia. Areas vulnerable to some of these
natural hazards were singled out using analytical maps; their area relative to the total area of Serbia was
defined, along with the total surface area that is vulnerable to each type of natural hazard. Upper intensity
values for single natural hazards were measured; these values represent the limiting factor for land-use planning
at the given level. Based on these analyses, an integral map of the natural hazards of the territory was created
using multi-hazard assessment. Hence, a recent state of the natural hazard vulnerabilities of the territory of
Serbia was created and then an integral map was made. The integral map showed spatial distribution of the
different types of hazards that are considered to be limiting factors for the highest level of land-use planning.
The results presented in this article are the first multi-hazard assessment and the first version of the integral
map of natural hazards distribution in Serbia for land-use planning, which is important both nationally and
regionally.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_322_e582cc990e75c45bdeff20dc488c00a6.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-686552201104013D Open Channel Flow Modeling by Applying 1D Adjustment38139432310.22059/ijer.2011.323ENA.A.AbediniFaculty of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran,
Tehran, IranR.GhiassiFaculty of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran,
Tehran, IranM.ArdestaniDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University
of Tehran,Tehran, IranJournal Article20110228A three-dimensional (3D) finite volume model with a novel adjustment scheme was developed
to solve shallow water equations in open channels. An explicit finite volume method was used to discretize the
governing equations in a boundary-fitted structured and collocated grid system. Because a simple second-order
central scheme was used for spatial discretization and due to the occurrence of high Peclet numbers in open
channel flows, some treatments were needed to reduce oscillation. Thus, a special adjustment scheme designed
to minimize differences in the averaged free surface elevation and flow discharge in a 3D model and 1D flow
data was applied to some cross-sections. The model was applied to simulate shallow water flow in a backwardfacing
step, a meandering channel with 90° bends and a 180° bend channel. A comparison of the model results
with available experimental and numerical data illustrated that the proposed numerical procedure decreases the
numerical oscillations and increases the stability of the 3D numerical model in open channel flow modeling.University of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401The Role of Economic Policy and Environment in Sustainable Development39540232410.22059/ijer.2011.324ENA.MossalanejadFaculty of Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110228Economic policies need to be analyzed within consistent and coherent framework. In the
absence of an operational framework the policy analyst is confronted with an indeterminate model to
work with. This paper intends to offer a specific framework for economic-environment integration to
highlight the role of economic policy and environment in sustainable development for the purpose of
empirical analysis and hypothesis testing. The term was used by the Brundtland report coined what has
become the most often-quoted definition of sustainable development as development that “meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable
development is a multidimensional and multidisciplinary concept that has been emerged from a number of
disciplines including economics, ecology, ethics, sociology and political sciences. This notion links the
welfare of generations with the capacity of the biosphere to sustain life. Sustainable development is not
a fixed state but rather a process of change in which resource exploitation, the direction of investment, the
orientation of technological development and institutional change are made consistent with the future as
well as present needs. This report does not consider the range of policy instruments that could be used in
achieving sustainable development outcomes, but focuses on a specific framework for economic -
environment integration with emphasis on the “social” component of sustainable development.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_324_777bcacbd5a21456f1d99b20600613a3.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Comparison Between Aluminum and Iron Electrodes on Removal of
Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions by Electrocoagulation Process40341232510.22059/ijer.2011.325ENM.BehbahaniCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT),
Hafez St., Tehran, 15875-4413, IranM.R.Alavi MoghaddamCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT),
Hafez St., Tehran, 15875-4413, IranM.AramiTextile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Hafez St.,
Tehran, 15875-4413, IranJournal Article20110228This study presents a comparison between aluminum and iron plate electrodes on phosphate
removal from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation process. The effectiveness of main operational parameters
such as initial pH, initial phosphate concentration and current density were examined. In addition, treated
solution and sludge characteristics, energy consumption and electrode mass depletion were compared for both
electrodes. All experiments were done in an electrocoagulation cell with effective volume of 2 liters. It was
found that the aluminum electrode has higher removal efficiency compared to the iron electrode in the same
operational conditions. Phosphate removal efficiencies of 100% and 84.7% were observed for aluminum and
iron electrode in a special case with optimum initial pH, maximum current density and maximum initial
phosphate concentration equal to 3, 250A/m2, 400mg/l PO4
3- , respectively. Furthermore, less treated solution
turbidity, higher secondary pollution (remained Al) and less electrode mass depletion was observed for the
aluminum electrode.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_325_7d1f08d4533a7a4cea7852b25ea21949.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Study on Adsorption of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd Onto Natural Clay
Young Do, N.1* and Park, H. I.241342432610.22059/ijer.2011.326ENN.Young DoSenior Researcher, Research and Development Institute, LOTTE EandC, 104 Wonhyo1ga
Yongsan-gu, Seoul, KoreaH.I.ParkGeneral Manager, Institute of Technology, Samsung C and T, 23th Fl., Samsung Corp. Bldg.
1321-20, Seocho2-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-956, KoreaJournal Article20110228The effect of temperature on the adsorption of heavy metals on not only natural bulk clay, but
also for the individual phases that composed the bulk clay sample, was investigated. Combined Adsorption-
Sequential extraction Analysis (CASA) for Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd were conducted under various temperatures that
ranged from 150C to 550C. As a result, it was found that heavy metals adsorption for bulk clay increased about
12% when the temperature increased from 150C to 550C. The effect of temperature on the individual phases
was mainly observed in oxide, including Fe-and Mn-oxide, and the organic phases of all of the metals. As for
the Phase Concentration Factors (PCFs) of the metals, the largest increase of the values was observed in the
oxide phase. Based on the thermodynamic parameters of the individual phases, the adsorption of metals on
natural clay was an endothermic reaction with the exception of exchangeable phase adsorption. This shows
that adsorption affinity and capacity tend to increase when the temperature increase for all adsorption phases
of soil, except for adsorption in the exchangeable phase. In the case of Pb, Zn, and Cu adsorption, the
considerable enthalpy changes were observed in carbonates, Fe-oxides, and organic phases, which means the
adsorption affinity for those phases were largely affected by temperature change. On the other hand, relatively
small enthalpy changes in the Cd adsorption were observed in bulk and all individual phases when it was
compared with the other metals enthalpy changes for the same phases. This means that Cd adsorption mainly
occurred in the exchangeable phase, which was affected a little by temperature change.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_326_aaae1e3daec297b703f1d810a451e05c.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Impact of Innovative Practices in Environmentally Focused Firms:
Moderating Factors42543432710.22059/ijer.2011.327ENM.V.Segarra-OñaDepartamento de Organización de Empresas, Edificio 7D, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainA.Peiró-SignesDepartamento de Organización de Empresas, Edificio 7D, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainJ.Albors-GarrigósDepartamento de Organización de Empresas, Edificio 7D, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainP.Miret-PastorDepartamento de Organización de Empresas, Edificio 7D, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainJournal Article20110228Innovation and sustainable development have been considered fundamental elements in the
competitive positioning of companies. The synergies between both concepts, known as eco-innovation, must
be considered when designing company policies. The aim of this paper is to analyse which moderating factors
determine how innovative companies perform when implementing a sustainable proactive approach. We
analysed a representative sample of Spanish companies using a quantitative method based on data collected
from the PITEC database. The empirical results show that company and market size, formal innovative
activity (reflected by registered numbers of patents) as well as total expenditure on technology acquisition
influence the eco-innovative orientation of firms.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_327_b27dd30c8b36993636ab76e46ff99887.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Ecological Impact Assessment; Conceptual Approach for Better Outcomes43544632810.22059/ijer.2011.328ENK.KanokpornDepartment of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University,
Nakorn Pathom, ThailandV.IamaramMonitoring and Evaluation Office, Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization
(Public Organization), Bangkok , ThailandJournal Article20110228This study aims at evaluating the completeness of the content of the ecological part in
Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) on content review
basis. The requirements of the ecological content as stated in the of five sets of Thai’s EIA guidelines, namely
the specific guidelines for power plants, industrial projects, dams and harbors and the general guideline are
used as the basis for this research. The main findings are that the requirements of the content of the ecological
part in the guidelines differ from one guideline to another and the most different one is the specific guideline
for dam projects. Generally, ecosystem, habitat and species population are presented. The guideline specifies
the requirements for data presentation more clearly than those for ecological impact assessment. In addition,
thirty EISs of power plant projects are systematically reviewed and it is found that there are a number of
improper practices of ecological impact assessment process including insufficient baseline study, inconsistent
impact interpretation, and ignorance of ecological point of view in setting up mitigation measures and monitoring
programs. Ecological content in EIA guidelines and EISs can be shown in a logical sequence of events in order
to form an effective system of ecological impact assessment.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_328_c0540cda1668f83b4fd1e25e40720cfc.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Evaluation of Aluminum-Coated Pumice as a Potential Arsenic(V) Adsorbent
from Water Resources44745632910.22059/ijer.2011.329ENM.HeidariDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and
Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, IranF.MoattarDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Center for Health
Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, IranS.NaseriDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Center for Health
Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, IranM.T.SamadiDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Research Center for
Health Sciences, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranN.KhorasaniDepartment of Environment, Faculty of Fishery and Environment, College of Agriculture &
Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, IranJournal Article20110228In this study, the removal of As (V) from water resources by using aluminum-coated pumice as
a new adsorbent was assessed. The features of the adsorbent coating layer were observed by X-ray diffraction
(XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).The effects of various parameters such as adsorbent doses,
pH, contact time, arsenate initial concentration and interfering ions in arsenic adsorption and achieving high
removal efficiency were studied. The results showed that the adsorption of As (V) was extremely influenced
by the phosphate interfering ions .It was also defined that more than 98% of As (V) was removed by 10 g/L
of the adsorbent with initial As (V) concentration of 250 μg/L at pH=7 and in 160 minutes. The adsorption
equilibriums were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Such equilibriums showed that the
adsorption data was well fitted with Freundlich isotherm model (R2>0.99). The data achieved from the kinetic
studies were processed by kinetic models of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order .The results indicated
that the pseudo-second-order model could describe the adsorption of As (V) by pumice coated with alum
(R2>0.92). According to achieved results, it was defined that aluminum-coated pumice not only was an
inexpensive absorbent, but also a quite effective factor in removal of As (V) from water resources.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_329_6d448f52a8a0c9286c8cbad9dd7c4005.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Application of Remote Sensing in Monitoring of Faults45746833010.22059/ijer.2011.330ENM.YazdiDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Earth Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranN.SadatiDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Earth Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranA.A.MatkanDepartment of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Earth Science, Shahid Beheshti
University, Tehran, IranD.AshoorlooDepartment of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Earth Science, Shahid Beheshti
University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110228The Siyah Bisheh area is located in central part of Alborz zone, 40km south of Amol, Iran. Rock
units exposing in the area consists of sedimentary (carbonates, sandstone, siltstone), volcano- sedimentary
(andesite to andesitic tuff, tuff), ignimbrite and basalt. when erosion and tectonics have rendered volcanic
structures undetectable, remote sensing provides an invaluable tool for their identification, with finding relation
between lithology and vegetation is showed that the integrated use of remote sensing techniques and field
studies as a powerful tool to distinguish and map the relationships between rock units, structures and
alteration zones associated with mineral deposits along the siyah Bishe area. The main image analysis techniques
involved in this study were principal component analysis (PCA) and false color composite (FCC). In this
study, an anomaly area is distinguished in the southeastern part of the Siyah Bishe area. Hydrothermally
altered rocks contain economic mineral deposits whereas unaltered country rocks are non-mineralized.
Approximately 5 km2 of the area is underlain by altered rocks, but less than 1 km2 of the altered area contains
economic minerals.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_330_3ca9cf06d5d6768bee23b48467c035c8.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Carbon Dioxide Emissions vs. Allocation Rights: Spanish Case Analysis46947433110.22059/ijer.2011.331ENJ.M.Quesada-RubioDepartment of Statistics and Operations Research. University of Granada, SpainE.Villar-RubioDepartment of Applied Economics. University of Granada, SpainJ.Mondéjar-JiménezV.Molina-MorenoDepartment of Business Organization. University of Granada, SpainJournal Article20110228The market for carbon dioxide rights emerged as one of the tools applicable to the implementation
of the measures adopted by the Kyoto Protocol to combat climate change. In this paper we analyze the case
of Spain, because their peculiar administrative division into seventeen Autonomous Communities, it is relevant
to a detailed study of emissions and allowances of the industries that make up the different regions for the
period between 2005 and 2009. Allowing us to test the efficiency and compliance with the requirements and
conditions prescribed in the regulations for each one of those territorial units. Statistical analysis shows
significant differences found between emissions and allocations for several regions.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_331_794442aa9e35fc45c02ad2ebf959df6e.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Controls on groundwater chemistry in a highly urbanised coastal area47549033210.22059/ijer.2011.332ENG.T.EnekeDepartment of Geology and Environmental Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon,
Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India,
Institute of Geologic and Mining Research (IRGM), Yaoundé, CameroonS.N.AyongheDepartment of Geology and Environmental Sciences, University of Buea, CameroonD.ChandrasekharamDepartment of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, IndiaR.NtchanchoInstitute of Geologic and Mining Research (IRGM), Yaoundé, CameroonA.A.AkoInstitute of Geologic and Mining Research (IRGM), Yaoundé, CameroonO.F.MouncherouDepartment of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, IndiaP.ThambiduraiDepartment of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, IndiaJournal Article20110302Douala metropolitan city loated in the littoral province of Cameroon,has experienced a rapid
urbaniation and industralisation. The city depends heavily on groundwater as a resource. Due to ubiquitous
sources of pollution, groundwater quality and contamination has become an imprtant issue for this urban
groundwater supply. This study uses the major ion chemistry of groundwater together with the minerallogical
and chemical composition of sediments to investigate the chemical characteristics and contamination of
groundwater. An attempt has been made to identify the different factors controlling the chemical composition
of groundwater. Groundwater is acidic (4.1-6.9) and the chemistry is more influenced by atmospheric inputs
and anthropogenic activities than by aquifer water reactions. The ionic content of groundwater shows a large
variation with electrical conductivity ranging from 34.3-1021μs/cm. However, Cl and HCO3 are dominant
anions meanwhile Na and Ca are dominant cations. Groundwater from natural low residential areas has low
electrical conductivity and Ca-Na-HCO3 type where as the chemical composition of groundwater is shifted to
Ca-Na-Cl ( NO3+SO4)downstream with maximum electrical conductivity and high nitrate levels above the
guide limits occuring in the highly urbanised, settlements at the Cente of the study area.Groundwater is
vulnerable to acid deposition due to the resistant nature and the low level of base forming cations in the aquifer
sediments, which provides very little buffer for acid inputs.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_332_f1d25476e57b9a97692e275225b1a392.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Effect of Landfill Leachate on the Stream water Quality49150033310.22059/ijer.2011.333ENF.MaqboolDepartment of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra, PakistanZ.A.BhattiDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Abbottabad, PakistanA.H.MalikDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Abbottabad, PakistanA.PervezDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Abbottabad, PakistanQ.MahmoodDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Abbottabad, PakistanJournal Article20110302The influence of leachate from open solid waste dumping near Salhad stream (Abbottabad,
Pakistan) was investigated to quantify the variations of water quality during August 2007 to April 2008.
Samples were collected from five different sites located along the Salhad stream. Two sites were located before
the mixing of solid waste leachate with the surface water. One sampling site was of leachate and other two
sampling sites were affected with solid waste leachate. Samples were analyzed for various physical and
chemical parameters like pH, water temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS),
Biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved oxygen (DO). Microbiological
analysis was done by using Membrane filter technique. The results of various parameters determined strongly
suggested that landfill leachate had severe deleterious impact on the water quality of Salhad stream. The
parameters exceeding the allowable limits of WHO, EC and National Environmental Quality Standards included
pH, TDS, BOD, COD, total bacterial counts and total coliform counts. Heavy metals like Pb, Cd and Cu were
released from the leachate into the Salhad stream which might affect the sustainability of the aquatic life.
Integrated, multi-sector approaches are required to deal with the contamination problem and sustainable
management of the Salhad stream water.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_333_dd59e16178cdfe7bee8efc286ac790e9.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401The Geopolitics of Energy in the Caspian Basin50150833410.22059/ijer.2011.334ENY.ZeinolabedinDepartment of Human Geography, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan, IranM.S.YahyapoorDepartment of Human Geography, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan, IranZ.ShirzadDepartment of Human Geography, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan, IranJournal Article20110302After the Soviet Union fragmentation, the attentions of regional and international countries have
turned to this region for oil and gas discovery in the Caspian Basin. After that, this region enjoys more
geopolitical importance increasingly. Therefore, the main question is:” what factors can influence the new
geopolitics of the Caspian basin?” It seems that, some issues such as the lack of a legal status of the Caspian
Sea, the pipeline routes for transportation of energy to the world markets and the ecological and environmental
issues arising from hydrocarbon resources make the Geopolitical issues of the Caspian basin more complicated.
The purpose of presenting this paper is to explain the new geopolitics of the Caspian and different position
of each littoral states and international countries regarding as how to use the new hydrocarbon resources of the
basin. According to the research findings, each of mentioned countries follows their own national interests in
the Caspian basin.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_334_cd7198c374df7ee20457279ff223197b.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401The phylogenetic placement of Picoa, with a first report on Picoa lefebvrei
(Pat.) Maire (=Phaeangium lefebvrei) from Iran50951433510.22059/ijer.2011.335ENA.AmmarellouUniversity of Zanjan, Zanjan, Zanjan Province, IranM.E.SmithFarlow Herbarium of Crytpogamic Botany and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary
Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA 02138, USAM.A.TajickUniversity of Sari, Sari, Mazandaran Province, IranJ.M.TrappeDepartment of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis OR 97331-5752, USAJournal Article20110302Desert truffles, hypogeous Pezizales (Ascomycota), are difficult to identify due to evolutionary
convergence of morphological characters among taxa that share a similar habitat and mode of spore dispersal.
In this paper we document the presence of Picoa lefebvrei (Pat.) Maire (=Phaeangium lefebvrei) in Iran and
use phylogenetic analysis of the ITS and 28s rDNA to show that this species belongs to the Geopora-
Tricharina clade of the Pyronemataceae (Pezizales, Ascomycota). Picoa lefebvrei was originally placed in the
genus Phaeangium because of notable spore ornamentation not present in other species of Picoa. However,
our analyses of both phylogenetic and morphological data suggest that P. lefebvrei is closely related to Picoa
juniperi Vittad, the type species for the genus Picoa.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_335_09ee5eef6cdb65b2ae552f4a2880f170.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401The Characterization and Application of Biological Remediation
Technology for Organic Contaminants51553033610.22059/ijer.2011.336ENJ.ChenSchool of Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, ChinaW.HuangSchool of Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, ChinaJ.HanSchool of Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, ChinaSh.CaoSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, ChinaJournal Article20110302The continuous addition of industrial, municipal, and agricultural effluents to the environment
has led to a great increase of toxic pollutants. It is well known that these pollutants are hazardous to animals,
plants, microorganisms, and other living organisms including humans. As a result, effective technologies
should be developed to remove these contaminants. Biological remediation, as an economically feasible and
environmentally friend approach, has been extensively studied and reported. In this review, the biological
pathways and mechanism of most important contaminants, such as aromatic compounds, ionic liquids, polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc, are described and discussed with some details according
to a vast number literatures published in recent years.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_336_b2cad41d5c75f74fd064e990e58864e7.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Preparation of a Chelating Resin and its Application as a Preconcentration System
for Determination of Cadmium in River Water by Flow Injection Analysis53153633710.22059/ijer.2011.337ENM.B.Amran1Analytical Chemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung - 40132, IndonesiaA.S.PanggabeanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda, IndonesiaA.Sulaeman1Analytical Chemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung - 40132, IndonesiaM.Rusnadi1Analytical Chemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung - 40132, IndonesiaJournal Article20110302A chelating resin of polystyrene divinylbenzene resin functionalized by 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-
naphtol (PSDVB-PAN) has been synthesized and its sorption properties have been investigated for preconcentration
and determination of cadmium at μg/L level by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The
procedure is based on the sorption of Cd(II) ions on a minicolumn of synthesized chelating resin. The retained
cadmium ions can be quickly eluted from sorbent material, with the eluent stream consisting of nitric acid
solution, directly to the nebulizer burner system of the flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The sorption
capacity of PSDVB-PAN was found to be 7.5 mg/g at optimum pH and the chelating resin showed rapid
kinetic sorption. The sorption equilibrium of Cd(II) on synthesized chelating resin was achieved just in 15
minutes. Parameters such as the pH effect on the cadmium sorption, sample volume, the sorption capacity of
resin, the cadmium desorption from the resin and the analytical characteristics of the procedure were studied
for the quantitative recoveries of the analyte ions. The developed system allowed a throughput rate of 15
samples h-1 with a detection limit of 1.5 μg/L. Relative standard deviation for 5 replicated injections of 50 μg/
L was 1.8%. This procedure was applied for cadmium determination in river water samples collected from
Citarum River, West Java, Indonesia.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_337_a62bf44512ecd0c6398fe9635494cd16.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A multivariate Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Chemistry Data53754433810.22059/ijer.2011.338ENL.BelkhiriDepartment of hydraulics, University Hadj Lakhdar 05000 Batna, AlgeriaA.BoudoukhaResearch Laboratory in Applied Hydraulics, University Hadj Lakhdar 05000 Batna, AlgeriaL.MouniDepartement de Génie des Procèdes, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Targa,
Ouzemour 06000, AlgeriaJournal Article20110302Q-mode hierarchical cluster (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were simultaneously
applied to groundwater hydrochemical data from the three times in 2004: June, September, and December,
along the Ain Azel aquifer, Algeria, to extract principal factors corresponding to the different sources of
variation in the hydrochemistry, with the objective of defining the main controls on the hydrochemistry at the
aquifer scale. Hydrochemical data for 54 groundwater samples were subjected to Q-mode hierarchical cluster
and principal component analysis. The study finds, from Q-mode HCA that there are three main hydrochemical
facies namely the less saline water (group 1: Ca-Mg-HCO3), mixed water (group 2: Mg-Ca-HCO3-Cl) and
blended water (group 3: Mg-Ca-Cl-HCO3). In principal component analysis, the first 4 factors explain 72.14%
of the total variance, their loadings allowing the interpretation of hydrochemical processes that take place in
the area. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the usefulness of multivariate statistical analysis in
hydrochemical.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_338_dfe08523483c6d46d436fdb1f70e88bf.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Evaluating the Quality of Tehran’s Urban Environment Based
on Sustainability Indicators54555433910.22059/ijer.2011.339ENM.SeifollahiDepartment of Environmental Planning, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran,
P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranSh.FaryadiDepartment of Environmental Planning, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran,
P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110302The objective of this study is to measure the city of Tehran’s environmental quality in 2006 (the
last census year). Primarily, with a comparative analysis of a variety of urban sustainability indicator models,
a collection of 54 indicators have been chosen and categorized as indicators of increase or decrease in urban
environmental quality in the form of a simple mathematical model. Based on the aforementioned model,
Tehran’s environmental quality in 2006, having obtained a score of 59.5%, has been evaluated as “middle
ranking”. After continuing the evaluation more meticulously, it became known that the individual healthcare
indicator with a 91% score and the safety and security indicator with a 19% score had the highest and lowest
quality respectively in the city. Repeating this evaluation in the future will show the condition of the city’s
movement toward establishing a sustainable city. Furthermore, it will clearly demonstrate the reasons affecting
the high or low speed of this movement.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_339_b9439170686f48a0bbfc4eefb8e3f5dd.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401Asbestos Concentrations and Lung Restrictive Patterns55556034010.22059/ijer.2011.340ENM.S.SekhavatjouDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Khuzestan Science and Research branch,
Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranA.ZangenehDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Khuzestan Science and Research branch,
Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20110302Asbestos applications were limited during past two decades in developed nations due to its
debilitating health problems, while in developing countries it’s various usages continues. The main goals of
present study were evaluation of asbestos concentrations in ambient outdoor and indoor air and occupational
exposure, as well as exposure effects on pulmonary function. Sampling procedure was carried out during May
and June 2010 at four outdoor and seven indoor air sampling stations. Ten persons were selected based on their
exposure limits including high, moderate and low exposure. Also to assess pulmonary function of workers, 42
spirometry cases were tested. Samples were analyzed by SEM with EDXA. Obtained results revealed that
average concentrations of asbestos fibers were 1.885×10-5 f/mL and 0.065 f/mL in outdoor and indoor air,
respectively. Occupational exposure contents were between 1.5 ×10-5 – 0.2 f/mL (based on exposure limits).
Spirometry tests showed that 28% of workers had impaired lung functions. Lung restrictive pattern in
workers were 2% severe, 12% moderate and 14%. Results showed pattern of fibrous particles as actinolite>
termolite> chrysotile in indoor air. Generally, it is clear that there is positive meaningful relationship between
more than ten occupational ages and malfunction of lungs in studied workers due to asbestos effects.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_340_56c233a69cea081c33f6ed98c1eb723d.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A New Potentiometric Sensor for Determination of Cesium ion
in Environmental samples56156634110.22059/ijer.2011.341ENH.Bagheri SadeghiDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, IranH.Sid KalalDepartment of waste Management, NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute,
AEOI, P. O. Box 11365-3486, Tehran, IranH.HoveidiGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranZ.MolaviDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, IranN.Adeli AslGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110302A new cesium ion selective PVC membrane based on parent calix [4] arene was developed for
potentiometric determination of cesium in environmental samples. The electrode based on p-5,11,17,23tetra(tertbutyl)
25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxy calix[4]arene(THC) as ionophor ,dibutyl phthalate (DBP)as plasticizer ,sodium
tetra phenyl borate(NaTPB)and oleic acid as lipophilic salt and additive showed the best performance. The
electrode exhibits a good Nernstian response in a concentration range of 1×10-1-3.16×10−5 M of cesium, with
a slope of 58.5 ± 0.6mv per decade and a detection limit of 1.58×10−5 M.It exhibits a good selectivity for
cesium in comparison with alkali, alkaline earth, and some transition metal ions. The electrode response and
selectivity remained almost unchanged for more than a month. The effect of membrane composition, pH and
concentration of internal solution on the potential response of the electrode were also studied. The applicability
of the electrode to real samples was also assessed.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_341_2cba6c05e54aba6908168584d013a19b.pdfUniversity of Tehran/SpringerInternational Journal of Environmental Research1735-68655220110401A Genotoxicological Study in Persian Gulf on Rock Oyster
(Soccostrea cucullata) using Micronuclei and RAPID Assays56757234210.22059/ijer.2011.342ENA.FarhadiDepartment of Fisheries and environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource,
University of Tehran, Karaj-IranH.FarahmandDepartment of Fisheries and environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource,
University of Tehran, Karaj-IranA.MirvaghefiDepartment of Fisheries and environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource,
University of Tehran, Karaj-IranB.KhaliliDepartment of Fisheries and environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource,
University of Tehran, Karaj-IranJournal Article20110302Both micronuclei (MN) and binuclei (BN) as well as RAPD (Random Amplifying Polymorphism
of DNA) assays are newly biomarkers which are well-introduced in toxic injury and related genotoxicity
studies in bivalve, fishes and even humans. However, there is no record of such studies in Iranian Persian Gulf
coast line so far. For this propose, we analyzed frequency of MN and RAPD patterns in gill cells of rock
oyster (soccostrea cucullata) (n=30) collected from two area including Dayer (as reference area) and Mahshahr
which was already shown oil contaminant are relatively high in this area owing to be oil vessel terminal. Our
results showed micronuclei frequency is significantly higher in rock oysters of Mahshahr than Dayer area
(p<0.05). Binuclei cells were also observed in some individuals of Mahshahr. Besides, RAPD analysis indicated
less diversity in polluted area individuals. The results of this study suggest that MN and RAPD analyses can
be easily considered as a useful tool for assessment of diverse pollution on aquatic organism in coastal area of
Persian Gulf.https://ijer.ut.ac.ir/article_342_f6379310f81c224d2091a4d6fe193c22.pdf